Evaluasi Tandan Buah Segar dan Hasil Minyak Sawit Rakyat di Provinsi Sumatera Utara, Jambi, Kalimantan Utara dan Sulawesi Tenggara

Abstract

Background and objectives:Until now, information about the characteristics of fresh fruit bunch (FFB) and oil yield of oil palm from smallholders in each provinces in Indonesia is not complete, so the price of palm oil product is difficult to generalize. This study aims to evaluate the FFB weight, fruit  tobunch ratio, and ratio of mesocarph to oil as well as oil yields from oil palm in North Sumatra, Jambi, Kalimantan Utara and Sulawesi Tenggara provinces.Materials and Methods:The research was divided in 4 phases, the 1^st phase in 2012 in North Sumatra province, the 2^nd phase in 2014 in Jambi province, the 3^rd in 2017 in Kalimantan Utara and the 4^th phase in 2018 in Sulawesi Tenggara provinces.  Research started from September to November for each province.  The study began by identifying oil palms those were 3,4, 5,6,7,8,9, 10-13, 14-16 and 17-20 years old in all provinces. The method of collecting data was purposive sampling.  Results:In general, Fresh bunch weight average and fruit per bunch is higher in North Sumatra province than Jambi province, while the ratio of Fruit per Bunch of Palm Oil at the age of 3 to 20 years is very volatile.  CPO yield in laboratory, CPO yield with correction factor, and  kernel yield variable in North Sumatra is different with Jambi, Kalimantan Utara, and Sulawesi Tenggara.  Conclusion:There is a difference in mean bunch weight, fruit / bunch ratio and mesocarph ratio / oil palm fruit as well as CPO and Kernel yields in all provinces.